The functions of Screw elements
Material conveying: The conveying elements can transport the materials from the feeding port to all processing sections of the extruder, ensuring the continuous flow of materials within the extruder. For example, in plastic extrusion molding, plastic pellets are transported from the hopper to the heating and melting section.
Mixing and dispersion: The shear elements and mixing elements achieve thorough mixing of the components in the materials through shear, stretching, and compression, and disperse agglomerated particles to improve the uniformity of the materials. In the production of color masterbatches, it can evenly disperse pigments in the resin matrix.
Melt plasticization: Under the rotational action of the screw, the friction between the threaded elements and the materials, as well as the friction between the materials and the barrel wall, generate heat, causing the materials to gradually melt and plasticize. For example, in rubber processing, the block-shaped raw rubber is melted and plasticized into a flowable rubber compound.
Pressure building and pressure generation: Reverse conveying threaded elements and some special structure threaded elements can form certain pressure within the extruder, which is helpful for the compaction, melting, and mixing of materials, and can also ensure the quality and dimensional accuracy of extruded products. For example, in pipe extrusion, sufficient pressure can make the wall thickness of the pipe uniform and the surface smooth.